Equivalence in Translation
Equivalence in Translation By Amin Kariminia, PhD in TEFL, Faculty Member of Fasa University, Iran And Javad Heidary, M.A Student of Translation, Fars Science and Research University, Shiraz, Iran Cultural Equivalence and Linguistic Equivalence Abstract This study is to find those factors which determine the equivalence in translation.The ideas of the prominent and distinguished scholars will be defined and elaborated. On the basis of those ideas, the final conclusion will be made. Key words: Linguistic Equivalence, Cultural Equivalence. Introduction Translation peers always encounter with different changes in equivalence within different language levels range from physical forms into meanings. Catford (1988) defined translation as the replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in other language (TL). Generally, almost all translation scholars emphasize the role of equivalence in the process or product of translation directly or best scholarships for high school students indirectly. Therefore, it is in the center of the translation studies. It must be said that some scholars do not seem to refer to role of equivalence directly, however, if some one looks at their studies s/he will easily find out that equivalence would shed light on his/her studies. As a consequence, the nature of equivalence and its contribution and taxonomy will be defined in the following lines. Equivalence, inevitably, is involved in any theory of translation which can be understood by the comparison of various texts cross linguistically. Catford (1988) considers different shifts within languages and contends that there are various shifts when any of translation is carried out by translators. He, heavily, focused on the different linguistic elements as crucial variables in equivalence definition and equivalence finding. Accordingly, he divided the shifts across languages into level and category shifts. Level shifts include studies like morphology , graphology?? etc.